{"id":401,"date":"2018-04-17T16:03:21","date_gmt":"2018-04-17T13:03:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/?p=401"},"modified":"2018-04-17T16:03:21","modified_gmt":"2018-04-17T13:03:21","slug":"sozlesmelerde-yer-alan-asgari-alim-taahhudu-ve-cezai-sart","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/2018\/04\/17\/sozlesmelerde-yer-alan-asgari-alim-taahhudu-ve-cezai-sart\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELERDE YER ALAN ASGAR\u0130 ALIM TAAHH\u00dcD\u00dc VE CEZA\u0130 \u015eART"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELERDE YER ALAN ASGAR\u0130 ALIM TAAHH\u00dcD\u00dc VE CEZA\u0130 \u015eART<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Av.Merve Ay\u00e7e \u00d6ZMER\u0130\u00c7<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Mart, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fc klozlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde yer alan, bayi aleyhine getirilen s\u00f6zle\u015fmesel bir d\u00fczenlemedir. Bu d\u00fczenlemeyle bayi belli miktarda mal al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bayilik veren \u015firkete kar\u015f\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmi\u015f olmaktad\u0131r ve bu taahh\u00fcde ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k halinde belli miktarda cezay\u0131 \u00f6demeyi kabul etmektedir. \u00a0Keza, akaryak\u0131t \u015firketleri ile bayileri aras\u0131nda akdedilen uzun s\u00fcreli bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde \u00e7o\u011fu kere, bayi aleyhine asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fc \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130\u015f bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, bilhassa akaryak\u0131t bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fc klozlar\u0131na ve ba\u011fl\u0131 cezai \u015fart taleplerinin incelenmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesine yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Akaryak\u0131t bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde bayi; akaryak\u0131t, LPG ve madeni ya\u011f bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bayilik veren akaryak\u0131t \u015firketine kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresi boyunca y\u0131ll\u0131k olarak belli miktarlarda al\u0131m yapmay\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmektedir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde y\u0131ll\u0131k al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fememesi halinde m<sup>3<\/sup> ba\u015f\u0131na belli miktarlarda cezai \u015fart\u0131n bayi taraf\u0131ndan \u015firkete \u00f6denece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmektedir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde yer alan s\u00f6z konusu cezai \u015fart TBK m.179\/2 uyar\u0131nca ifaya ekli cezai \u015fart niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n<p>Uygulamada bayi taraf\u0131ndan asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne y\u0131l i\u00e7inde uyulmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan herhangi bir talepte bulunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme ili\u015fkisinin devam ettirildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bununla beraber s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin feshinin g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fi hallerde, akaryak\u0131t \u015firketleri taraf\u0131ndan bayiler geriye y\u00f6nelik olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llara ili\u015fkin cezai \u015fart talepleri ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmektedirler.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki <strong><em>\u201cTBK.&#8217;nun 179\/II. maddesine g\u00f6re, iki halde alacakl\u0131, ceza ko\u015fulunu isteyemez. E\u011fer alacakl\u0131, ceza ko\u015fulunu isteme hakk\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a vazge\u00e7mi\u015fse art\u0131k bu y\u00f6nde bir talepte bulunamaz. Di\u011fer yandan alacakl\u0131, \u00e7ekince koymadan ifay\u0131 kabul etmi\u015f veya s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan edimlerini ifa etmeye devam etmi\u015fse bu takdirde de ceza ko\u015fulunu isteyemez.\u201d <\/em><\/strong>Bu halde bayinin asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne uymamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, s\u00f6zle\u015fme ili\u015fkisi devam ederken bu ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ili\u015fkin cezai \u015fart talebinde bulunmayan ve takip eden y\u0131llarda herhangi bir ihtiraz\u0131 kay\u0131t koymadan bayilik ili\u015fkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren \u015firket i\u015f bu maddeden kaynaklanan cezai \u015fart alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (son y\u0131l haricinde) talep hakk\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Bu konuda Yarg\u0131tay, bayiye takip eden y\u0131l mal verilmeden \u00f6nce ihtar \u00e7ekilmesini veya ihtiraz\u0131 kay\u0131t konulmas\u0131n\u0131 aramakta, aksi halde cezai \u015fart alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sadece son y\u0131l i\u00e7in talep edilebilece\u011fini belirtmektedir. (Yarg\u0131tay19. Hukuk Dairesi E. 2013\/7136 K. 2014\/4464 T. 6.3.2014 karar\u0131 ile belirtilmi\u015ftir.)<\/p>\n<p>Bununla beraber TBK\u2019nun 179\/II. maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ifaya ekli cezai \u015fart h\u00fckm\u00fc, emredici nitelikte de\u011fildir ve taraflar bu sebeple s\u00f6zle\u015fme serbestisi ilkesi gere\u011fince aralar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 bir d\u00fczenleme yapabilirler. \u00d6rnek olarak, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin feshi halinde hem cezai \u015fart hem de kar mahrumiyeti \u00f6denece\u011fini kararla\u015ft\u0131rabilirler. Ancak s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin feshi halinde cezai \u015fart \u00f6denece\u011finin kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu hallerde, ceza ko\u015fulunun istenmeyece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bayide hakl\u0131 bir g\u00fcven olu\u015fmu\u015fsa, hakl\u0131 g\u00fcven ve d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck ilkesi gere\u011fi cezai \u015fart\u0131n talep edilemeyece\u011fi kabul edilmektedir<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Netice olarak, bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde yer alan asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k halinde \u00a0\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00a0cezai \u015fart\u0131n ifaya ekli cezai \u015fart niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu halde cezai \u015fart talebinin kabul g\u00f6rmesi i\u00e7in bu cezai \u015farttan vazge\u00e7ilmemesi gerekir. Bu kapsamda devam eden s\u00f6zle\u015fme ili\u015fkisinde \u00e7ekince konulmam\u0131\u015f ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmede d\u00fczenlenen edimler ifa edilmi\u015f ise ge\u00e7mi\u015fe y\u00f6nelik cezai \u015fart alaca\u011f\u0131 talebi hukuken himaye g\u00f6remeyecektir. Bununla beraber uzun s\u00fcre devam eden s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde cezai \u015fart\u0131n y\u0131llarca talep edilmemesi, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin di\u011fer taraf\u0131 olan bayide cezai \u015fart\u0131n istenmeyece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde hakl\u0131 bir g\u00fcven olu\u015fturur ve bu halde de cezai \u015fart alaca\u011f\u0131 talep edilemez. T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlerde yer alan cezai \u015fart d\u00fczenlemeleri uygun d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ve \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmayan hallerde, i\u015f bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n konusu akaryak\u0131t bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da uygulama alan\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Yarg\u0131tay HGK&#8217;nun 20.01.2013 T. 2012\/19-670E.2013\/171K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 benzer y\u00f6nde; Yarg\u0131tay 19. Hukuk Dairesi E. 2014\/4912 K. 2014\/8686 T. 5.5.2014 karar\u0131; hakl\u0131 g\u00fcven kavram\u0131 i\u00e7in Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu E. 2012\/19-670 K. 2013\/171 T. 16.1.2013 karar\u0131; Yarg\u0131tay 19. Hukuk Dairesi E. 2013\/14654 K. 2013\/19950 T. 17.12.2013 karar\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMELERDE YER ALAN ASGAR\u0130 ALIM TAAHH\u00dcD\u00dc VE CEZA\u0130 \u015eART Av.Merve Ay\u00e7e \u00d6ZMER\u0130\u00c7 Mart, 2018 &nbsp; Asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fc klozlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde yer alan, bayi aleyhine getirilen s\u00f6zle\u015fmesel bir d\u00fczenlemedir. Bu d\u00fczenlemeyle bayi belli miktarda mal al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bayilik veren \u015firkete kar\u015f\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmi\u015f olmaktad\u0131r ve bu taahh\u00fcde ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k halinde belli miktarda cezay\u0131 \u00f6demeyi kabul etmektedir. \u00a0Keza, akaryak\u0131t \u015firketleri ile bayileri aras\u0131nda akdedilen uzun s\u00fcreli bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde \u00e7o\u011fu kere, bayi aleyhine asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fc \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130\u015f bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, bilhassa akaryak\u0131t bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fc klozlar\u0131na ve ba\u011fl\u0131 cezai \u015fart taleplerinin incelenmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesine yer verilmi\u015ftir. Akaryak\u0131t bayilik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde bayi; akaryak\u0131t, LPG ve madeni ya\u011f bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bayilik veren akaryak\u0131t \u015firketine kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresi boyunca y\u0131ll\u0131k olarak belli miktarlarda al\u0131m yapmay\u0131 taahh\u00fct etmektedir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde y\u0131ll\u0131k al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fememesi halinde m3 ba\u015f\u0131na belli miktarlarda cezai \u015fart\u0131n bayi taraf\u0131ndan \u015firkete \u00f6denece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmektedir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde yer alan s\u00f6z konusu cezai \u015fart TBK m.179\/2 uyar\u0131nca ifaya ekli cezai \u015fart niteli\u011findedir. Uygulamada bayi taraf\u0131ndan asgari al\u0131m taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne y\u0131l i\u00e7inde uyulmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan herhangi bir talepte bulunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme ili\u015fkisinin devam ettirildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bununla beraber s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin feshinin g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fi hallerde, akaryak\u0131t \u015firketleri taraf\u0131ndan bayiler geriye y\u00f6nelik olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llara ili\u015fkin cezai \u015fart talepleri ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmektedirler. Oysaki [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":117,"featured_media":405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,4],"tags":[79,80,78,81],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/401"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/117"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=401"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/401\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":406,"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/401\/revisions\/406"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ozmeric.av.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}